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All Hot water and steam is drawn from the ssame boiler. This requires you to switch between functions. This is great for espresso drinkers, but can prolong the process for milk coffee drinkers.

Hot water and Steam are drawn from the main section of boiler. Espresso water is drawn from a separate tube "heat exchanger" (combination of hot and cold water to deliver the correct temp's).

Hot water & Steam are produced in one boiler and the espresso water is produced in a separate boiler. This allows a precise and greatly variable temperature control.

Auto machines enable users to have a coffee produced for them at the press of a button. Some automatic machines still utilise one boiler as opposed to two and can require switching between functions.